No, I never used it in a Captivate project. I know this is limiting, and really cross my fingers that Typekit will be integrated in a future release of Captivate as it has been in other Adobe applications.
Do you have 'dynamic text'? I mean text with inserted variables? For the other static text containers, a workaround is to convert the text to images, I will try to convert it to SVG because of file size. There is an example of text converted that way in this blog post:
Playing with Captivate 9 - Captivate blog
Look at the lightboxes: the text on the crazy backgrounds are created by exporting to SVG from Illustrator.