CUDA is not a requirement for running the Adobe video apps, but if you prefer CUDA graphics acceleration, you must have CUDA 9.2 drivers from NVIDIA installed on your system before upgrading to After Effects versions 17.0 and later.
Check if your card is on the list of supported GFX cards. If it is - you also need to have the CUDA acceleration also installed.
Adobe strongly recommends updating to NVIDIA driver 430.86 or later when using After Effects. Drivers prior to this have a known issue which can lead to a crash.
NVIDIA CUDA graphics acceleration requires CUDA 9.2 drivers.