I had a similar problem. Turns out, PS didn't like my GPU for that (and it IS compliant according to their specs - just that it was an upgrade on my machine)
I found that turning off Preferences>Performance>GPU, whenever I use Neural filters solved the problems. The filters aren't fast, but they don't lock up my whole machine (which is what was happening, in my case). After I run the filter, I turn the GPU back on.
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