cfcatch cftry for cfquery

If a cftry only contain a cfquery is it true that the only cfcatch type possible to create an exception will be type "database" ?

No, that's false. A cfcatch of any type is possible. It all depends what kind of exception you expect to catch.

A cfcatch of type database will only catch database exceptions. If, for example, the query uses a  dynamic variable that may divide by zero, then it might be appropriate to catch an exception of type 'expression' or 'application'.

<!--- Type 'expression' more appropriate here than type 'database' --->
<cfset dynamicVar = 0>
<cftry>
<cfquery name="q" datasource="dsn">
    select *
    from myTable
    where id = #1/dynamicVar#
</cfquery>
<cfcatch type="expression" >
    <cfdump var="#cfcatch#">
</cfcatch>
</cftry>

If you wish to catch an exception of type database, exception or application in a blanket way, then you should use type 'any'.