Participating Frequently

Answered

Show/Hide Div with JavaScript [or CSS]

Forum|Forum|7 years ago
July 9, 2018
5 replies
14304 views

Hello,

I am having trouble getting my code to work correctly. I want to show content based on what the person clicks. I know it's probably better to write in a switch statement, but I wanted to figure it out with and if/else statement first. Could someone please tell me what I am doing wrong.

HTML

<ul>

<button onclick="alertName(this)" class="subjectList" id="Reading">Reading</button>

<button onclick="alertName(this)" class="subjectListScience" id="Science">Science</button>

<button onclick="alertName(this)" class="subjectListEnglish" id="English">English</button>

<button onclick="alertName(this)" class="subjectListHomework" id="Homework">Homework</button>

<button onclick="alertName(this)" class="subjectListStudySkills" id="Skills">Study Skillls</button>

<button onclick="alertName(this)" class="subjectListSummerCamps" id="Camps">Summer Camps</button>

</ul>

</nav>

</section>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</section>

JAVASCRIPT

function alertName(a)

{

if(a.id == 'Reading')

{

var x = document.getElementsByClassName('readingContent');

if (x.style.display === "none")

{

x.style.display = 'block';

x.style.visibility = 'visible';

}

else

{

x.style.display = 'none';

x.style.visibility = 'hidden'

}

else

{

alert(a);

}

CSS

.readingContent{

display: none;

visibility: hidden;

}

This topic has been closed for replies.

Correct answer Nancy OShea

pziecina I am very interested in seeing how you would solve my problem with html/css. Please give me your reasoning on why you would do it that way instead of using Javascript.

Pure CSS & HTML will work for everyone. But a lot of people use script blockers for security reasons. For those people, JS links will not work.

Below is a pure CSS & HTML approach (tested in latest Firefox & Chrome).

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Show/Hide with CSS</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<style>
/**basic page styles**/
body {
    font-family: Baskerville, "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, "Century Schoolbook L", "Times New Roman", "serif"Cambria, "Hoefler Text", "Liberation Serif", Times, "Times New Roman", "serif";
    font-size: 2.5vw;
    background: #CCC url(https://placeimg.com/500/500/nature) no-repeat center center;
    background-size: cover;
}
.container {
    width: 80%;
    border-radius: 10%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 2%;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
    text-align:center;
}
img {
    max-width: 100%;
    margin: 0 auto;
    vertical-align: baseline;
    display: block
}
/**show/hide with CSS**/
div#tabs p {display:none;}
div#tabs p.tab1:target,
div#tabs p.tab2:target, 
div#tabs p.tab3:target {display:block;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>My Awesome Website</h1>
<hr>
<div id='tabs'>
<h2 class="nav-tab-wrapper"> 
<a href="#tab1" class="nav-tab tab1">TAB 1</a> | 
<a href="#tab2" class="nav-tab nav-tab-active tab2">TAB 2</a> | 
<a href="#tab3" class="nav-tab tab3">TAB 3</a></h2>
<!--Tab content-->
<p id='tab1' class='tab1'>Tab 1 stuff goes here... <img src="https://placeimg.com/400/300/nature" alt="placholder"> </p>
<p id='tab2' class='tab2'>Tab2 stuff <img src="https://placeimg.com/400/300/arch" alt="placholder"></p>
<p id='tab3' class='tab3'>Tab3 stuff <img src="https://placeimg.com/400/300/animals" alt="placholder"></p>
<!--/tabs--></div>
<!--/container--></div>
</body>
</html>

TheBCMan

Participating Frequently

Ok going the other way... an "optimized" take on the question. Running example: Edit fiddle - JSFiddle

JavaScript:

init=function(){
     $('[buttonlist] button').click(function(){                              // bind to button clicks
          var pressed = $(this).html().toLowerCase().replace(/\s/g, '');     // what was pressed?
          $( '.readingContent div' ).hide();                                 // hide all elements again
          $( '.readingContent, div[data=' + pressed + ']' ).show();          // show the main element (again) and the element pressed
     })
};
$(document).ready(function(){ init(); });

CSS:

.readingContent, .readingContent div{ /* hide all entire block and the elements initially */

display: none;

}

HTML:

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<section class="fullLength">
     <nav class="subjectBar">
          <ul buttonlist>
               <button>Reading</button>
               <button>Math</button>
               <button>Science</button>
               <button>English</button>
               <button>Homework</button>
               <button>Study Skills</button>
               <button>Summer Camps</button>
          </ul>
     </nav>
</section>
<section class="readingContent">
     <div data="reading">
          <h1>Reading</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
     <div data="math">
          <h1>Math</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
     <div data="science">
          <h1>Science</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
     <div data="english">
          <h1>English</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
     <div data="homework">
          <h1>Homework</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
     <div data="studyskills">
          <h1>Study Skills</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
     <div data="summercamps">
          <h1>Summer Camps</h1>
          <p></p>
     </div>
</section>

You don't need to complicate HTML code with classes, just use attributes and child html elements to refer to them. You can bind JavaScript events the same was CSS is applied to large sections of code.

osgood_

Legend

Thanks for posting your version. The more code contributions, which show optional ways of acheiving the same result, the better. We can all learn and expand our knowledge.

Nancy OShea

Community Expert

Perhaps a bit too much information for the OP .

Nancy O'Shea— Product User & Community Expert

Nancy OShea

Community Expert

Is this a learning exercise or a real project?

I ask because you can easily toggle content with Bootstrap classes and a data-target.

https://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/components/collapse/

Nancy O'Shea— Product User & Community Expert

WolfShade

Legend

If you use something like Bootstrap, you can do this without JavaScript.

V/r,

^ _ ^

osgood_

Legend

Bootstrap uses javascript, the jQuery library - you could use one of the default options which ships with it to show an element but nothing like rolling your own if you want to grasp how the code functions really work, rather than stumbling along using a front end framework and not understanding what is happening and why, that just leads you to not really wanting to explore beyond a very small world.

If you ever need to write some besoke app or solution, which a good deal of websites are starting to deploy, Bootstrap isnt going to help you much, it could infact be working against you, isolating you to a small selection of options and no incentive to wander beyond what it offers.......until.....

pziecina

Legend

If you are using flexbox, you could also just use 'visibility: collapse;' which was included as part of the flexbox specs -

see section 4.4 in https://www.w3.org/TR/2017/CR-css-flexbox-1-20171019/

TheBCMan

Participating Frequently

You are missing the closing bracket on your first if statement

<script>
     function alertName(a){
          if(a.id == 'Reading'){
               var x = document.getElementsByClassName('readingContent');
               if (x.style.display === "none"){
                    x.style.display = 'block';
                    x.style.visibility = 'visible';
               } else {
                    x.style.display = 'none';
                    x.style.visibility = 'hidden'
               };
          } else {
               alert(a);
          }; // you are missing this closing bracket
     }
</script>

osgood_

Legend

TheBCMan  wrote
You are missing the closing bracket on your first if statement
<script>      function alertName(a){           if(a.id == 'Reading'){                var x = document.getElementsByClassName('readingContent');                if (x.style.display === "none"){                     x.style.display = 'block';                     x.style.visibility = 'visible';                } else {                     x.style.display = 'none';                     x.style.visibility = 'hidden'                };           } else {                alert(a);           }; // you are missing this closing bracket      } </script>

That's really not an efficient way of doing what needs to be achieved because you are requesting each 'id' individually.....so end up with more code than is strictly required.

Using a class name and looping through the code, attaching an event listener is a more economical approach.

TheBCMan

Participating Frequently

@osgood_ : Of course it's not the best way to do it, but read his question, he wants to know / learn what is wrong, not someone show him how to do it I could have rewritten the code in 2-3 lines of jQuery with the toggle function but I choose to answer his question

osgood_

Legend

I can do it in jQuery, a javascript library, if you can use that, see code below:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Show Hide Containers</title>

<style>

.hide {

display: none;

}

</style>

crossorigin="anonymous"></script>

$(document).ready(function(){

$('.alertName').css('cursor' , 'pointer').click(function(){

let name = $(this).attr('name');

$('.hide').hide();

$('.' + name).show();

});

</script>

</head>

<body>

<button class="alertName subjectList" name="readingContent">Reading</button>

<button class="alertName subjectListScience" name="scienceContent">Science</button>

<button class="alertName subjectListEnglish" name="englishContent">English</button>

<button class="alertName subjectListHomework" name="homeworkContent">Homework</button>

<button class="alertName subjectListStudySkills" name="skillsContent">Study Skillls</button>

<button class="alertName subjectListSummerCamps" name="campsContent">Summer Camps</button>

</nav>

<h1 class ="Title">Reading Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Reading Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Math Content</h1>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Science Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Science Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">English Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">English Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Homework Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Homework Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Skills Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Skills Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Camps Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Camps Text</p>

</div>

</section>

</body>

</html>

osgood_

Legend

See jQuery solution above BUT if you do want to do this with vanilla javascript, see code below:

<!DOCTYPE html>

<head>

<title>Show Hide Containers</title>

<style>

.hide {

display: none;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<button class="alertName" name="readingContent">Reading</button>

<button class="alertName" name="scienceContent">Science</button>

<button class="alertName" name="englishContent">English</button>

<button class="alertName" name="homeworkContent">Homework</button>

<button class="alertName" name="skillsContent">Study Skillls</button>

<button class="alertName" name="campsContent">Summer Camps</button>

</nav>

<h1 class ="Title">Reading Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Reading Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Math Content</h1>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Science Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Science Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">English Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">English Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Homework Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Homework Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Skills Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Skills Text</p>

</div>

<h1 class ="Title">Camps Content</h1>

<p class ="Text">Camps Text</p>

</div>

</section>

</body>

</html>

var alertName = document.getElementsByClassName("alertName");

var myFunction = function() {

var hide = document.getElementsByClassName("hide");

for (var i = 0; i < hide.length; i++) {

hide.style.display = "none";

}

var name = this.getAttribute("name");

var show = document.querySelector('.' + name);

if (show.style.display = "none") {

show.style.display = "block";

}

else {

show.style.display = "none";

}

};

for (var i = 0; i < alertName.length; i++) {

alertName.addEventListener('click', myFunction);

}

</script>

kingpat27Author

Participating Frequently
Forum|Forum|7 years ago
July 10, 2018

Thank you Osgood, but why doesnt the reading button work? The code seems to seems to be the same.

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