We cannot recommend a combination of parts for your planned workstation without you specifying a particular total budget (in your country's currency).
What the above sentence means is that if your budget is low, you will likely end up with either too weak of an overall package or a package with a severely lopsided component balance (a decently powerful CPU but a woefully weak GPU). In the worst case, the only machine that has new-enough components to be technically supported in newer versions of Premiere Pro might very well have components that are much too weak all around.
As for the read/write speed of an internal drive, HDDs cannot sustain more than about 200 MB/s on the outer tracks in either reads or writes - and when asked to perform both operations at the same time, they cannot (they can only read or write, but not both simultaneously). As a result, the maximum practical disk I/O throughput of a typical HDD is no better than about 100 MB/s - and this rate falls off significantly when the disk becomes over half full, all the way down to less than 40 MB/s!
SATA SSDs are better, but they can still only reach about 250-ish MB/s in simultaneous I/O throughput (or 500+ MB/s when transferring in one direction at a time). This is all due to the limitations of the SATA interface itself.
PCI-e (or NVMe) SSDs, on the other hand, can perform both reads and writes simultaneously.
With all that said, you will want a newer system that has one or two PCI-e capable m.2 sockets for m.2 SSDs, and I would also recommend that you get two m.2 NVMe SSDs of two different capacities - one 250 or 500 GB SSD for the OS and programs, one 1 TB or larger for your working media and projects. A third SATA SSD of a smallish-capacity is also nice to have for cache/scratch files. And depending on the CPU, for your GPU a GeForce GTX 1650 SUPER is a good starting point; however, aim for an RTX if you can afford one. Avoid older GPUs that are either outdated or obsolete (and yes, this also applies to budget low-end GPUs that are still available new) since they will not have much usable life left in them.
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