I found the solution to the program itself not opening properly on another thread on this site. See below:
I spoke to a colleague about what was happening, and he had me reinstall Adobe Reader XI and attempt to start it. I then navigated to the C:\Program Files (x86)\Adobe\Reader 11.0\Reader\ folder and double-clicked the Eula.exe. It displayed the End User License Agreement window and I clicked 'Accept'. After doing that I was able to start the Reader without issue and it all seems to be working fine now.
The above worked for me and now Reader XI will open properly and stay open. Hope this helps someone else.