Hi JonathanArias,
Please try following troubleshooting steps:
1- Reboot the machine if you haven't already and try again.
2- If that doesn't work, check if Acrobat is updated to the latest patch- click "check for updates" under Help menu. Install the update, reboot the machine and try again.
3- If step 2 doesn't work, perform troubleshooting steps given in here: Attach to email option is not working | Acrobat DC, Acrobat Reader DC
You may also try the steps suggested in this link by Barbara Adams- Error when using Outlook as default mail application in Acrobat DC (Sign and Send PDFs)
Could you share Acrobat DC version installed on the machine: Identify the product and its version for Acrobat and Reader DC
Thanks,
Shivam