I realize this is an old thread, but was looking for the answer to this question myself and found the solution on another site (so thought I'd share here as well, just incase someone else happens upon this thread for an answer):
It sounds like Adobe is attempting to use its default fonts instead of the document's fonts. I was having a similar problem and the following fixed it for me (I'm using a Windows 7 Platform and Office 2010 Professional and was attempting to print a MapPoint Map to Adobe PDF in Adobe X.):
- 1. Click on START,DEVICES & PRINTERS, ADOBE PRINTER, PRINTER, PROPERTIES, PREFERENCES
- 2. Then under the AdobePDF Settings tab click on DEFAULT, HIGH QUALITY PRINT
Next, UN-CHECK “Rely on system fonts only, donot use document fonts.”
Click APPLY, OK
- 3. Go back to Step 1 andClick on the PAPER/QUALITY tab, ADVANCED
Lookfor IMAGE COLOR MANAGEMENT, TRUE TYPE FONT:
Clickon the “Substitute with device font.” A dropdown box will appear. Click on “DOWNLOAD AS SOFTFONT.”
- 4. Next, under DOCUMENT OPTIONS, click on POSTSCRIPT OPTIONS, TRUETYPE FONT DOWNLOAD OPTIONS:
Click on “Automatic.” A dropdown boxwill appear. Click on “NATIVE TRUETYPE.”
ClickOK to close the pop-up window. You may have to click on APPLY once youget back to the Paper/Quality tab, then click on OK to close that window. If Apply is available in the Adobe PDF Properties window, click it then clickOK one more time to close the window and “X” out of everything else. Yournew preferences should be saved and your document should print in Adobe just like it looks on your screen in the original program.
The steps above will change your Adobe Printer Default Settings to accept and print fonts native to the document you are trying to create, instead of using Adobe's fonts to "re-create" the document leading to undesirable results.
Hope this helps! 
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