It sounds like you need help with the various stages of pre-processing optimization before loudness targeting. Keep in mind at it's core Match Loudness is nothing more than Loudness Normalization with supplimental tolerance margin options. It basicily applies a gain offset based on the measured Integrated Loudness relative to the user defined target. E.g. If the audio checks in at -20 LUFS, and the user defined target is -16 LUFS, +4 dB (LU) of gain is applied to meet the target. The user also defines a True Peak ceiling. If the gain offset results in overshoots - limiting will be applied at the defined ceiling.
The key is the audio needs to be "optimized" before you apply Loudness Normalization. Yes, it's a generalization that represents subjective processing, such as leveling, compression, EQ, noise reduction, etc. Of course this all varies based on what you are working with (spoken word, music, etc.). In most cases you want to avoid the necessity for excessive limiting, especially when lossy (low bit rate) coding is in the pipeline. Ultimately if the audio was well recorded and all stages of processing were optimal, your processed (spoken word) audio will exhibit optimized intelligibility.
-paul
@produceNewMedia