How can I do this with Adobe Captivate?

All is possible with any eLearning authoring tool. Captivate is not an Articulate app. Articulate has several tools. Since you showed only static screenshots, there is no way to detect how the interactivity was set up.

For Captivate, have a look at:

More is in a...hyperlink - Close button - Captivate blog

More is in a... hyperlink - Dropdown Menu - Captivate blog http://blog.lilybiri.com/more-is-in-a-dot-dot-dot-hyperlink-close-button

If you want real responsive projects, where the layout can be different for smaller screens, you need to use Captivate or Lectora, not Articulate.

While it may not look or function 100% the same, I do believe that a similar experience can be crafted in Captivate.

1. You can publish your content as scalable which will allow the project to be resized in the learner's browser.

2. You can create a similar experience with the table of contents in Captivate

3. You can create items that show and hide based on a number of different trigger mechanisms.

Hopefully this helped to answer your question.

If this is an Articlate question, please post it in the Articulate forum.