Can I copy a set of objects to a new background as an instance that changes with the original?

I am designing a logo that has to look good against both a black and white background.

The simplest way to do this is to simply work on a white background, and put a black rectangle behind my artwork. I can then turn the black rectangle on and off to check out the logo looks against white or black.

However, if possible, I'd like to be able to see changes against both color backgrounds simultaneously.

I'm not sure of the exact terms, but I'd like to be able to create an instance copy of my artwork, where the copy will update to match any changes to the original. Then I can put that instance on a different background and see them both at the same time. Like this:

Is it possible to do anything like this in Illustrator?