Raster to Vector

I have an image in a PDF file that is a Raster Image I want to convert that Raster Image to Vector

You're probably talking about auto-tracing (called Live Trace or Image Trace, etc. in Illustrator, depending on version).

But you must understand: Auto-tracing is not a lossless 1:1 "conversion" in the sense of "converting" between units of measure or "translating" between file formats. There is no such "conversion." There is only re-drawing the content of the raster image.

I want it in a PDF file

A PDF is just a container. It can contain any combination of raster, vector, or text objects.

Putting the result of auto-tracing in a PDF file is like doing so with any other kind of content: Just a matter of saving the file as a PDF.

If I open to original PDF file and zoom to 400% I expect pixelated lines If I open the new PDF file and open to 4))% I expect smooth non pixelated lines

It is only the raster objects (images) which will appear pixelated when you zoom in. It has nothing to do with the file being a PDF.

I want RGB colors

Then you would do the auto-tracing in a file that is set to RGB color mode.

How do I do this in Ai or id there a better Adobe program

Basically, you would:

1. Create an Illustrator file (or open an existing one).
2. Import a raster image.
3. Perform the auto-trace, using the settings that yield results most acceptable to you.
4. Save the file as a PDF.

The details are all in the documentation.

If you want to understand what you're hoping to do, read on:

If you zoom into a raster image in a PDF (or in any other file), yes, you should expect to see pixelation. But "smooth" and "non-pixelated" are not the same thing. Pixelation results from scaling (or zooming) a raster image sufficiently large that the square shape of the individual pixels that comprise the image become evident.

That is not the only kind of ugly jaggedness that occurs in computer graphics. It is quite common that if you zoom into the entirely vector-based results of auto-tracing, you see a jumble of jagged, irregular paths. Think of it as the vector version of the "jaggies." Vector graphics can easily be just as jagged (and just as ugly) as pixels.

And that is very often the case with the results of auto-tracing because it is done by an automatic algorithm completely devoid of human shape recognition or knowledge of what is considered "smooth."

There is no auto-magic here. You don't get something for nothing with auto-tracing. "Garbage in; garbage out" still applies. Auto-tracing does not add any detail that will suddenly make an image look "smooth" when zoomed in.

Very simple (and very real) example:

Suppose you have a photo of your puppy. But the resolution of the photo is so low that when you view it at 400% zoom, it looks pixelated. The puppy's pupils, for example, don't even appear round.

You've heard people say that "vector graphics are resolution-independent" and that you can zoom into them forever without their becoming "jagged." You've heard that programs can automatically "convert" a raster image into a vector graphic. So based on those two commonly-heard assertions (gross oversimplifications), you assume that auto-tracing will give you a graphic that can be zoomed or scaled to any amount and always look "smooth."

So you auto-trace the image. You zoom into it and find that the pupils are not a bunch of square pixels, but now a fewer number of jagged irregular shapes. And it's just as ugly, if not more so. There is no increase in detail, so zooming into the vector-based result is just as ugly and "jagged" as was zooming into the raster image. It's just a different "style" of jaggedness.

So you try the whole thing again, but trying supposedly "more accurate" tolerance settings. Now ask yourself: At the most technically accurate settings, what would you get? You would get one perfectly square vector path for each pixel in the raster image. In other words, effectively, there would be no difference, and zooming into or scaling the now all-vector result would be no improvement whatsoever.

Auto-tracing quite often just trades vector jaggedness for raster jaggedness. And that defeats the whole resolution-independence advantage, reason, and intent of vector-based graphics.

There is no free lunch. If you want a truly scaleable vector-based drawing of an image, you manually trace the raster image, using human discernment, and skill and understanding in drawing paths with economic efficiency.

A puppy pupil auto-traced with high "accuracy" settings may be a tiny irregular shape with a dozen nodes, that looks just awful when enlarged beyond the size of a speck. A manually traced puppy pupil will be round, have no more than four nodes, and will appear just as round and smooth when enlarged to the size of the moon.

Why? Because auto-tracing features (at the current state in mainstream drawing programs) don't know what a 3-year old does: that a puppy's pupils are round.

So the advantages of vector-based graphics are not simply a matter of "being vector." It has to be a vector graphic that is drawn so as to be able to benefit from its being vector.

JET

A raster image will always be a raster image even when importing into Illustrator does not make it a vector. If you zoom in enough you are going to see pixels. Unless you trace it, by hand or with image trace, its still going to be pixels.