Is the Illustrator doc using a pixel grid? If not it may be best to ensure that the tile is using whole pixels, not fractions.
Otherwise it may be a transparency and or anti-aliasing issue, you can always try exporting the pattern fill as a raster directly from Illustrator, or even rasterizing the artwork directly in Illustrator/copy/paste/then undo the rasterization.
It looks like it's from the pattern. You can recreate the pattern in PS... How are you viewing the image? Sometimes you can get artificats at different zooms - is this 100%?
Melissa Piccone | Adobe Trainer | Online Courses Author | Fine Artist