Efficient Workflow for Sorting/Organizing Large PDF files?

I receive large unorganized PDFs for work (up to 800 pages), and need to re-organize the pages by date.  I am trying to figure out a process for sorting them and reorganizing them without having to print hardcopies and rescanning everything.

Essentially, I would need a way to mark or tag groups of pages with a date, and then have them organized based on those designated dates.

I tried using labels, but found that I still have to manually sort them with drag and drop.  I was wondering if there was some type of scripting protocol where I could designate pages with a date, extract/print the individual sets to a folder with the dates as the file names, automatically organize them alphabetically within the folder, and then recombine them into one PDF.  I also tried extracting the sets of pages individually into a folder, and renaming the files, but cannot figure out how to set a default folder.

Any suggestions would be appreciated!