Images Disappearing on Acrobat Pro After Using ADA Accessibility

I am having an issue with images (usually layered images) disappearing after tagging a document for ADA Accessibility. Here is one example:

When I originally export the PDF, this is what one graphic looks like.

cody_8354_2-1766444509503.png

After going through the document and adding tags, the same graphic looks like this:

cody_8354_1-1766444480833.png

For other images, they disappear entirely. If I highlight that section, though, it shows the outline of the image, so the data is still there. I tried opening it in a browser to see if it was just an Acrobat problem, but it had the same error in the browser, so the PDF itself has corrupted or isn't reading properly. Please let me know how I can fix that and avoid that issue in the future. Thank you!