Close Window, Hide, Resize always missing when unplugging main monitor

I know what you mean, I regularly switch between using a MacBook Pro by itself, and connected on my desk through a dock to two large displays. Many Adobe applications seem incapable of dealing with this switch, and windows end up all over the place instead of in consistent, expected locations.

There are a few things you can do.

If any part of a window title bar is visible, try either pulling it to the right or double-clicking it. Double-clicking a title bar should maximize it to the display size, if in macOS System Settings you have “Double-click a window’s title bar to…” set to “Zoom” as shown below.

If you can’t see any of the title bar because it’s completely off screen, then try this: Hold down the Option key as you drag any window corner or edge toward the center of the window. The Option key moves all window sides at the same time, so you might be able to shrink a window until the title bar and those upper left buttons become visible again. This Option key tip works with all standard macOS windows, so you can use it almost anywhere, even on Finder desktop windows.

One way I deal with it is to use Moom window management software. You might not want to do this because it’s paid software and then you have to set it up your way, but I like using Moom for general window management. If the window buttons are off screen, I can press a keyboard shortcut I defined, and Moom will maximize the foreground window to fit the display.