Prevent the move of a layer

You cannot "move" a layer!
You can only move objects/elements/paths that are on a layer.

You can lock individual paths.

You can lock groups or nested groups and so on.

You can lock sublayers.

You can lock layers.

Why don't you create a new layer under your layer "Layer 1" and move your blue rectangle to this new layer? Then you can either lock the blue rectangle - or the whole newly created layer. Then all other objects on your original layer are freely editable and movable, but not the blue rectangle.