The Stylish Strokes video is interesting, but the demo video shows some hints at possibly why we haven't seen this feature roll out to Adobe Illustrator yet. It's one thing for a computer to automatically find the center line along a single stroke, like the stripes going down the center of a two-lane highway. The joins where two strokes meet, such as the junction in a "T", is the big challenge. That's where the automatic results get sloppy.
It's just like the Photoshop Inner Bevel tool when the effect is maxed out. You get all these ugly, bowled out artifacts at the stroke corners and joins. I've never seen a computer effect be able to auto-generate something like the "prismatic" effect you see in the Trajan Color typeface. That has to be built via subjective human decision making (and some manual labor).
The same goes for any font that has an inline effect. The type designer usually has to build up those effects using various techniques (single step blends, drawing by hand, etc). In sign work I've had to do that sort of thing for neon tube patterns and other tasks.
Maybe AI technology can catch up to this problem and provide a smarter way to auto-generate center line or prismatic bevel effects.