Adobe seem to have stopped listing tested graphics cards for recent versions, but here is their list for the 2021 version:
https://helpx.adobe.com/uk/illustrator/system-requirements/2021.html
I don't think there are specific reasons that cards not on this list would not work (although the most common category if issues people post here are possibly GPU bugs), just that these ones have been actually tested.
For my part, I currently have a GeForce RTX 3050 Ti Laptop GPU that I haven't noticed any issues with so far. I had laptops with Quadro cards for a few years before now and had no problems with those either.