When you spec a page or page item size, pixels can be used as a static unit of measurement. In InDesign a pixel measures 1/72"—so if you make a document that is 720x720 pixels and change the measurement units to inches the width and height will be 10 inches (or 254mm)
How can i create a4 document (210x297 mm) with 2480х3508 px size? (now it is 595x842 px)
The 2480х3508 pixel size you are looking for translates into A4 dimensions at 300ppi. InDesign pages have no resolution—they are not image objects. If you export your page to an image format like JPEG or PNG, set the resolution to 300, and open the image in Photoshop, it have the 2480х3508 pixel dimension.
There are 72 points per inch, and InDesign equates 1 pt = 1 pixel in your layout, and expects you to work with images at 72 ppi for screen work. As far as ID is concerned a document that is 2480 x 3508 pixels is approximately 916 x 1247 mm. Either you want an A4 page, or a 2480 x 3508 page, you can't have both at the same time.
I think your answer really is: the pixel size is only really set when you export an image file (JPEG, PNG... but not PDF). Until then there is no pixel size AT ALL. Ignore what you can set for a new document, it is not at all what you want and will only confuse you.
Pixel units are useful if you are designing for screen to a specified pixel dimension. So if you are designing a banner ad that needs a final pixel dimension of 800x200, you can set the page size to 800x200 pixels, export to an image format at 72ppi, and get a matching 800x200 pixel image in Photoshop. That's why Web/Digital Publishing intents start out as pixel units with RGB swatches.
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