First of all - this would be much easier if you made actual screenshots instead of photographing your screen.
Second - there is no reason to trust your phone for anything. Photoshop is the reference, as long as you observe some basic color management guidelines. They're not complicated, and it basically works out of the box.
Leave Photoshop color settings at defaults. I see you have policies set to "convert to working RGB". Don't do that. It should always be set to "preserve embedded profiles". That's the way Photoshop is designed to work, and that's how modern color management is intended to work. With this setting, the embedded profile always takes precedence and overrides the working space. It follows from this that you always need to make sure there is an embedded profile. For the pruposes of this discussion it doesn't matter which one, as long as it's there.
The next link in the color management chain is the monitor profile. This is set at system level, not in Photoshop. The monitor profile is a standard icc profile, and it is used in a standard profile conversion like any other profile conversion - but executed by Photoshop on the fly, as you work. Photoshop loads the monitor profile at startup. It uses whatever profile it gets from the operating system.
The monitor profile has one job: it needs to describe the monitor's behavior in its current state, in detail. The profile is a map, and like any map it needs to describe the actual terrain accurately. If it doesn't, Photoshop cannot display correctly.
If both these profiles are present and correct, Photoshop will display correctly. And then you need to view the exported file in an application that also supports full color management and reads both these profiles and converts from one into the other.
The monitor profile should ideally be made by a calibrator, based on direct measurement off the display. Any serious Photoshop user will have and use a calibrator. If you want accurate color, it's an essential piece of equipment.
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