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You could create a shadow may ways. Paint one in. Add a gradient into a empty layer as above the back\ground layer. There are always more than one way to do thing in Photoshop.
You can change the number of pixel you have by interpolating the image using Image size with Resample checked. However, you should only do that when you constrain restrain the resize to preserve the image's aspect ration so the image will not distort. If you need to change the image's aspect ratio you need to Crop the image to that aspect ratio discard some image content or use content aware scale to distort the image to that aspect ratio you need ration while trying to preserve the aspect ratio of recognized object in the image you can add a mask to identify areas you do not want distorted. Content aware scale will not always be able to create a scaled version that will be acceptable to you.
Another way to make a shadow, which is flexible and easy to edit, would be to click the lock item to convert the background to a regular layer.
Then choose Inner Gradient Overlay from the fx menu.
You can start with these settings and adjust as desired.
If you want to change the transition, click on the gradient bar.
And drag the opacity stop to the left to shorten the shadow.
How to change the image size was already mentioned in the first response by JJMack. Choose Image > Image Size command. JJMack also explained how to create a shadow, and I gave you an alternate method for creating a shadow.
When saving as jpg or png, you can choose a specific size. One way is to choose File > Export > Save for Web (legacy).
In the upper right corner, choose the file type.
In the upper right corner of the dialog box, choose Optimize to file size.
Enter your desired file size.
You might not get the exact file size you enter, but the size won't be any larger than what you entered.
Technically, a drop shadow needs some white space around it. Otherwise you won't see the shadow.
In this example, I'm using a transparent background and a canvas of required height and width. File > New. See screenshots.
Fig 1.
Next I clicked the new layer icon and used the Shape tool to draw a rectangle filled with cyan color.
Fig 2.
I double clicked on the rectangle layer in the Layers panel to add a drop shadow. Click on Drop shadow to pen the settings panel. Adjust the dtop shadow angle to 90 deg and other settings to suit. Hit OK.
Fig 3.
Fig 4.
Finally, go to File > Export > Export As and save as a transparent PNG. Hit Export All button.
Fig 5.
OK. For this first example, I applied the Blur tool with 100% strength and a large, soft, round brush to the background of DaVinci's Mona Lisa. Instead of a sharp edge, the line is ever so slightly blurred.
This second example is done with the Marquee tool and a Feather Radius of 50px. I drew a rectangular selection around tthe Mona Lisa's face.
Next, go to Select > Inverse (Ctrl + Shift + i) and hit the Backspace key. The result is a soft blur around the entire image.
Is this what you want?
First open the image in Photoshop. Quite likely, it may be a background layer. If it is, click the padlock icon to convert it to a regular layer.
Choose Image > Canvas Size. Leave the anchor in the center if you want to increase the size on all 4 sides. Increase the width and height. For example if you want to add 1/2 inch all around, you would use these settings:
Now we have this:
Choose drop shadow from the fx symbol at the bottom of the layers panel.
To set the drop shadow only on the top, choose -90 for Angle.
Now you have this:
If you don't want any extra area around the image, choose Image > Trim > Transparent Pixels.
If there is still extra area, use the Crop tool to crop the image.
The top needs to be large enough to show the shadow. I used the crop tool to crop only the left and right sides.
Choose File > Export > Save to Web (legacy). Choose PNG24 for Preset. That is the only choice that will preserve the transparent area at the top and give you a soft drop shadow that will let the background of the web page show through. If that doesn't matter, choose Preset JPEG and the transparent area will be opaque.
If you choose JPEG:
I don't know what your image looks like, but if it is a photo with a lot of colors, it will probably look best as JPEG.
Click the Optimize menu in the upper right and choose Optimize to file size.
Enter the desired file size and click OK.
Then click Save.
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