How to make this effect in Illustrator or Photoshop?

Hi

I had a close look at that image and it looks like the white lines are wider where the image is whiter. So:

Take an image (I used my avatar) - darken the surround add a black and white layer a heavy curves adjustment to increase contrast and a layer with plain black and white stripes

Put all that in a smart object and apply a gaussian blur filter (this is what will widen the brighter lines)  then add a threshold layer on top

Result :

I hop that helps you

Dave

There is no one way do something like that

With Photoshop you use layers to make a composite image.

For something like you showed do something like this

Start by making a new document with a black background you add noise to

Place in an image as a smart object layer size and position it over the background layer

Add a temp Black layer on top

Paint with a white use a spatter brush paint diagonal sloppy lines

Select that layer's white area.

Delete the temp layer or turn off its visibility.

Add the selection to the placed image layer as a layer mask

Add a BW adjustment layer on top

Work on the layer mask to help with the composition

Make a neutral burred line pattern and set it to Blend Mode Hard Mix atop a b/w image.

Edit:

By blurring the image one can influence the detail that is being maintained.

I'm not about to make a video for you or search for one for you.  If you want a video tutorial you should search the web for one yourself. Join Lynda.com they may have the tutorials you want.

Add a BW adjustment layer with an active selection so a layer mask will be added no matter how the adjustment panel flyout menu items are set.  That will get around Adobe's CS4 bug.