Select and Mask Brush Preview not working in Photoshop 22.4.1

The attached video is far better at demonstrating the issue that I'm describing than I can be here, but to summarize:

After resetting photoshop preferences, creating a new doc, pasting an image, selecting a portion of that image, creating a layer mask from the selection, and refining it with the select and mask interface, the select and mask interface stops working properly. To clarify: it works once after the reset, but not again after that until another reset. The issue itself is that adding to the selection with the brush tool does not "reveal" the original image being added to the selection. Instead, it shows whatever is below the image (white by default). This makes refining selections very difficult, because I can't see what I'm adding.

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