visible brush strokes

If you want to make an image that is not a painting appear to have brush strokes, then you could apply the Oil Paint filter (Filter > Stylize > Oil Paint) to it. There are settings that you can adjust the settings to fine tune how you'd like the effect to be applied.

There is no magic button that will do this for you. You can create your brush strokes and add bevel and emboss layer style. Play with texture to make it look like canvas. Here is a sample I was playing with - I used the smudge tool on a new layer, use different layers for the effect, add texture. 

You could apply brush strokes with a blending mode like darker color and appropriate brush settings to got transparency.

Also to get thickness effect you can apply emboss fx  to the brushed layer.

Use the texture image as a displacement map for the brush strokes. Here's how:

1. Save the texture as a PSD
2. Draw your brush strokes on your image
3. Convert the brush strokes layer to a Smart Object to apply the displacement non-destructively (right-click and select Convert to Smart Object)
4. With the Smart Object selected, go to Filter > Distort > Displace
5. Use or modify the default settings and click OK
6. (The Choose a displacement map window will open) Navigate to the PSD file of the texture and click Open

Here's more information about displacement maps:

• https://www.adobe.com/products/photoshop/displacement-map.html