Where is the "check mark" for the Text tool

In your screen shot, the options bar is actually docked. 

What is undocked is the document window.

The animation below shows how you can undock and dock the document window at any time. Notice how when the window title bar is dragged near the panel edges, a blue border appears along dockable panel edges to let you know that if you release the mouse button there, the window will be docked.

When multiple document windows are docked, they turn into a single tabbed window like in a web browser. You can always grab a document window’s tab and tear it away to undock and float that window.

You can also do this with the commands:

Window > Arrange > Consolidate All to Tabs (to dock all document windows)

or

Window > Arrange > Float All in Windows (to undock all docuiment windows)

You do see Options bar but it seems narrow to fit options like commit checkmark when Type tool is in use. Can you expand your Options bar? Perhaps it is detached, try to attach it again.