The important numbers here are the pixel dimensions.
To print 19 x 12 cm at 300 ppi, you need 2244 x 1417 pixels. If the image was smaller than this originally, Photoshop will have to create the missing pixels when you resample, and this will lead to bad print quality.
Here's the math behind this:
19 x 12 cm equals 7.48 x 4.723 inches.
To find out how many pixels you need to print this image at 300 ppi (pixels per inch), multiply the ppi with the dimensions in inches.
7.48 x 300 = 2244
4.723 x 300 = 1417
So to get good print quality, start out with an image that is at least 2244 x 1417 pixels.
See also What is a digital image?