Can icon set thumbnails with content and icon names mentioned under the icon cause Adobe Stock contributor account to be blocked or disabled?

If desired, buyers will add their own fonts, languages & text after purchase. 

Your job is to create images, not text.

It could, if you misrepresented what it contains.

Icons should not need captions. Buyers should instantly recognize what your icons are, without captions.

If you’re going to include text descriptors, you should spell them correctly.