Need some names of animations for a newbie

Agreed.

I mean if there were one "term" that could be used it would "animated transitions".

But, like Mylenium said,  it's just key framing of transform properties i.e. animating.

The person who made that has a solid understanding of the 12 basic principles of animation & a solid understanding

of how to use the animating tools provided in whatever animation package they are using.

By the time you got to a place where you could produce anything close to that you'd be able to just do THAT as your career..

If you want a resume like that you should hire someone to make it for you.

Or...you can start here After Effects tutorials | Learn how to use After Effects CC

But again...by the time you're able to achieve anything close to that video you could forget economics and be an animator.

Hire someone to do it and give them credit in the resume.  Remeber: time is money.  This will let any potential employers know that you made a smart economic decision and hired someone.

There are techniques for the sections you selected, not names. They are all pretty basic. Using After Effects is pretty complicated and requires a lot of time to learn to use and understand. Here's a breakdown of what techniques have been used to create each section:

The thing that makes those sections work fairly well is the timing and the application of the basic principals of animation described in the book The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation: Ollie Johnston, Frank Thomas. It takes quite a bit of practice to learn those techniques.

I assume that you want to build an animated resume for yourself as an Economist, not a motion graphics professional. If you take the time to dig through the documentation for After Effects and find good tutorials on a few of the techniques I talked about it could easily take you 100 hours to complete a 2-minute resume video. If you took a look at a few paid text animation templates you could probably cut that down to about 10 hours of fiddling with After Effects to figure out how it works enough to put your own text in a template. If you decide to just search for tutorials it is incredibly important that you vet your trainers. More than half the tutorials that are currently being put up on YouTube and Vimeo are by amateurs that don't really know what they are doing. Many of the workflows and techniques are incredibly inefficient and many of them just don't work. Make sure you find out who posted the video and they know what they are talking about.

I hope this helps a bit. I hope I understand what you want to do.

If you want to build a motion graphics demo reel to try and get some work or sell your services as a designer, templates are the wrong way to go.

What names? It's all just basic keyframe animation, but of course on a ton of parameters like scaling rectangles as the bars of letters, animating circular wipes, animating shape layer parameters like stroke widths and so on. Not a specific technique, just experience and cleverly stringing together simple steps to create the illusion of complex motion. Other than getting down & dirty with actually learning AE I see no way how you would be able to create something similar, though of course you might find bits and pieces like pre-animated fonts e.g. on AEScripts.com just as you may find tons of canned animations created as presets or via scripts. Still, that won't change the fact that the whole is more than the sum of its parts and without understanding some inner workings of AE and some artistic skill it will never be the same level of quality.

Mylenium