python to adobe jsx?

You will definitely want to rewrite in JS, unless you have something that has to be done in Python, you can communicate via system.callSystem() in ExtendScript or Node.js child_process module in CEP panels.

Could be tricky since you'd have to wait for the Py stuff to finish its thing and then transfer the data. It would probably be much simpler the other way around - run Py, generate the data, run a separate AE script to parse/ import/ whatever it. For anything moree specific you have to explain what you are actually trying to do. Such generic "Can I... do this and that?" questions never go anywhere. The devil's in teh details, as usual.

Mylenium

Not sure what you want to achieve. If you have some algorithms implemented in Python, you should really reemplement it in Javascript.

If you can assume that there is a Python interpreter installed on all systems, on which you want to execute your script, you could use system.callSystem to execute the python interpreter from the command line.