Old version of Bridge is corrupted (I think)

If an Apple crash report appears after the crash you can paste the contents of the report here and see if we can

spot the cause of the crash.

What is wrong with Bridge ?

What operating system are you using?

Maybe a reset of the Adobe Bridge CS5.5 preferences will fix whatever the issue is:

https://helpx.adobe.com/archive/bridge/bridge-cs5-5-troubleshooting.pdf

Reset preferences, reset the default workspace, and purge the cache.
Damaged preferences or workspaces can cause unexpected behavior in Adobe Bridge. Purging the cache can fix display
issues for thumbnail previews.
1 Start Adobe Bridge and immediately press Ctrl+Alt+Shift (Windows) or Command+Option+Shift (Mac OS) until
the Reset Settings dialog box appears.
2 Select all three options--Reset Preferences, Reset Standard Workspaces, and Purge Entire Thumbnail Cache--and
then click OK.

Before you do that, be sure your computer is the same as it was when you first installed CS5.5, and your Operating System will work with CS5.5. 

I can almost guarantee that if you've updated your OS to something more recent, you will not even be able to install CS5.5. Here are the system requirements for CS-5 and 5.5 applications
https://prodesigntools.com/products/adobe-cs5-system-requirements.html