And now I have to apologize, too, as I didn't get to respond to your reply over the weekend (and here you had offered such kind regards to Dave and me!)
So I think now I know what's happening. Notice the error refers to jdwp. That's the debugger. It seems you enabled (or didn't notice that the cfusion instance was configured to enable) the "cf debugger". It's in the Admin on the "Debugger Settings" page (not the "Debug output settings" page).
Anyway, the problem is that the newly created instances inherited that setting, and now they TOO want to "start the debugger", which is a port set in that admin. I realize you can't get to the admin in the instances that won't start, and while you COULD go into the CF admin of the cfusion instance to turn it off, and then create the instances again, you do NOT need to do that.
Instead, open the jvm.config file in the bin folder under each instance (so for an instance called instance1, it would be in coldfusion2018/instance1/bin/jvm.config). In that file, find the java.args line. On that line, you should find something like this, likely at the front of the line:
-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=5005
And if the cfusion/jvm.config and the other instances all use that port 5005, that's the problem. If this is indeed the problem, there are various ways to solve things.
First, you could change the port in that file (for the instances, to like 5006, and the next to 5007, and so on). If you do that with one, and save the file, does CF now start (as a service)? If it does not, repeat Dave's suggestion to start it from the command line. If that solves it, great. You could then go into the Admin, to the debugging page, and "stop" the debugger.
Or you could REMOVE those args, but I would recommend you save a copy of the file first. It's easy to make mistakes when removing things. Or better, you could comment them out by putting them on a new line (just those args) and put a pound sign in front of them, after removing them from that java.args line. Then try starting CF, and follow what I shared in the last paragraph.
Let us know how it goes.