Adobe Updates Not Compatible

It sounds to me like you need to figure out why Windows keeps rolling back its updates on its  own. That's not really something we can help with. I suggest you speak with your company's IT help and ask them to update Windows and make sure it doesn't rollback on you.

(As an aside, Windows updates for me are controlled by the IT department. We are a few updates behind, I think, as my version is reported as 1809. Illustrator and Photoshop seem to run all right on this build, but I am not a heavy user of either so its hard for me to tell. They don't crash, anyway.)

As above Windows needs to be at 1903 or above. Current build is 1909.

Update Windows then update the Adobe programs.

You should update your Windows to the newest version. Because Microsoft has stopped the support for build 1703. That means that there are no more patches and fixes for security leaks for this version. If an update doesn't work try reinstall Windows 10 and the install Adobe Creative Cloud.