The solution of clearing all preferences and restarting of course works, as it clears everything out and you start from scratch making settings for you apps.
But then you are in for a long time of getting all the app preferences right again.
BUT.. There is a better way, that allows you to keep you current settings and "switch" them to the new version of Adobe (whatever).
Save (backup) a copy of your Wacom settings. This file is for editing. (Save an extra copy with a different name, in case you mess up the XML file to be edited. :-) )
Now edit the first backup file (default called "Backup.wacomprefs") in a good text editor.
What is happening. Wacom's app matching with Adobe's crazy inclusion of "CC Year-number.ver" in all app paths.
Search for the name of your app. Like Illustrator or Photoshop. You will find entries like this:
<AppID17 type="map">
<ApplicationLongName type="string">C:\Program Files\Adobe\Adobe Illustrator CC 2017\Support Files\Contents\Windows\Illustrator.exe</ApplicationLongName>
<ApplicationName type="string">Illustrator</ApplicationName>
<ApplicationRemoved type="bool">false</ApplicationRemoved>
<ApplicationSecondaryId type="string"/>
<ApplicationSeen type="bool">false</ApplicationSeen>
</AppID17>
Notice that there is both an "ApplicationLongName" (with the full path) AND an "ApplicationName" with the short name.
The number (here 17) is a reference to all the real settings, which are in the file as well, referenced by the "17" number (or whatever app numbers your file have.).
This is where Wacom's app matching fails. If you have been through multiple iterations of Adobe Cloud, where you have redone your settings every time, you will see multiple of these entries (I had 3+ sets of preferences for just Photoshop). One entry for each version (with a new path).
All entries have DIFFERENT app paths, BUT THE SAME basic app name. Like "Illustrator".
This is what is causing the Wacom confusion where it cannot match your app to configuration. I think their matching algos cannot accept that there are multiple entries (different paths) all with the same short name.
You can detect when the matching go wrong this way:
You are in your favorite Adobe Cloud App. One you have created Wacom settings for, as in added to Wacom before.
Now, press the "Settings" button on the tablet (or get the overlay your favorite way). The settings overlay pops up on screen.
If your app's icon (Photoshop/Illustrator/..) is NOT showing in the upper right corner of the Settings overlay, it has NOT recognized the app. It sees merely an "All Others" application, and that will be settings used for your fancy Adobe app.
NOW for what you can change and how to keep your favorite settings.
If you have already tried to make an app entry in Wacom for the new version of the Adobe app, you will already have an entry in the wacom prefs file with a path for say "Illustrator 2018". BUT. You will have other entries like the above XML for the older versions of Illustrator. Maybe as "AppID4" or some such. Likely one for each of the other Adobe versions you have had through Adobe Cloud.
If you just want the new app recognized (no keeping of old preferences), delete the other (older) app entries. (From line with "<AppIDxx ..." down to "</AppIDxx>" (xx your app number) for each entry you don't need.
Then save the file, and reload Backup through Wacom Desktop Center (or just double-click the Backup file). Your settings panel/overlay will now recognize your app.
It's Icon will show in the upper right corner of Wacom's settings overlay.
If you want the app(s) recognized, AND KEEP THE GOOD SETTINGS that you spent so much time getting right, then do this instead:
Assuming that your Photoshop/Illustrator/InDesign 2017 settings were just perfect..
Delete as described all the older year entries for that particular App, AND any NEW entries (showing the "CC 2018" in the path).
For each, delete a set of 7 lines defining the App and it's "ID" number.
DO NOT delete the Adobe Apps entry will the (good settings) and CC 2017 in the path. They (in this example) reference all your good, good settings, despite that Wacom cannot find them because you installed a 2018 app version. :-)
As per the XML entry shown up above, then simply change in the remaining old entry's path "CC 2017" to "CC 2018" for that App ID (my app entry #17, yours will be different).
Save the file in the editor, do a Restore Settings in Wacom Desktop Center (or just double-click the Backup file).
Rinse and Repeat for each Adobe App in your Wacom configuration.
But the trick is, that you must BOTH change the path for the app entry referencing the good settings, AND remove the same-app settings for "other versions" that might clutter your Wacom config and confusing the heck out of it. Plus stops Wacom from matching to the right app (many paths, one app name).
Of course, that leaves all the unused actual settings in the file. now all without a "AppID" heading calling for them. But just leave that junk alone. That is Wacom's problem, not yours. :-) It makes no difference.
This is of course just one working method. With a full XML editor, one can of course also create a whole new preferences file by moving good entries from the bad file into a clean one, leave the garbage behind and reload new. But that is for serious techies only. :-)
NOTE: When Adobe Cloud "CC 2018.SomeVersion", or even CC 2019 comes around, then DO NOT go create a new app entry in Wacom, which would force you to do the whole process again.
When you detect that the new app is not recognized, simply do the above edit of a Backup.wacomprefs file, and just change the single entry for each affected app to the new path Adobe decided to use. You will then have only one entry for each configured app all ready. No need to delete anything. Just change the now old path to the new one. and "Restore" in Wacom Desktop Center. Then all is well. Even for any already running Adobe apps. :-)