Checking the contents of textFrame with a table

I think you should use @m1b approach and build and check collection of TFs that are parents for your table - sometimes TF can be empty because text is overset or break character is used of ParaStyle definition forces text to start on even / odd pages.

Unless of course you know what you have in your Story. 

Hi @mateuszp13156491, in case Robert's method doesn't work out, here is another approach:

/**
 * @author m1b
 * @discussion https://community.adobe.com/t5/indesign-discussions/checking-the-contents-of-textframe-with-a-table/m-p/13783085
 */
function main() {

    var doc = app.activeDocument,
        textFrames = doc.textFrames,
        textFramesWithTables = [];

    for (var i = 0; i < textFrames.length; i++) {

        if (textFrames[i].tables[0].isValid)
            textFramesWithTables = textFramesWithTables.concat(textFramesOfTable(textFrames[i].tables[0]));

    }

}

app.doScript(main, ScriptLanguage.JAVASCRIPT, undefined, UndoModes.ENTIRE_SCRIPT, 'Do Script');


/**
 * Returns textframes containing the table.
 * @author m1b
 * @version 2023-05-10
 * @param {Table} table - an Indesign Table.
 * @returns {Array<TextFrame>}
 */
function textFramesOfTable(table) {

    var textFrames = [],
        id;

    for (var r = 0; r < table.rows.length; r++) {

        var tf = table.rows[r].cells[0].insertionPoints[0].parentTextFrames[0];

        if (
            tf.isValid
            && tf.id !== id
        ) {
            textFrames.push(tf)
            id = tf.id;
        }

    }

    return textFrames;

};

 I figure if you explicitly get the textframes of the table, you can go from there.

- Mark

Check parent TextFrame of the InsertionPoint after the table - from there you can check for "empty" TFs in between.