How to obtain the X coordinate of the left column line and the Y coordinate of the positioning point in the positioning image?

the Y value of the anchor point and the X value of the left column line

You can get the horizontal offset of the line the image is anchored to, and the line’s baseline:

var d = app.documents[0];
//a selected anchored frame
var s = d.selection[0]

var c = s.parent
$.writeln(c)//returns the anchored object’s character

var l = c.lines[0]
$.writeln(l)//returns the line containing the character

var hOff = l.horizontalOffset
$.writeln(hOff)//reurns the line’s horizontal offset—78.99 in the sample file

var base = l.baseline
$.writeln(base)//returns the baseline position of the line — 82.7053540039063 in the sample file