Daltonism

Here’s another idea: Get a pocket color chart such as the sturdy plastic ColorChecker shown in the photo below. Common colors are in specific places on the chart, so you can always know what color each square is. When you want to take a picture, take one frame with the color chart in it. When you look at the photo later in Lightroom Classic, the color chart is a reference for the various colors in the scene. If you are not sure of an object’s color in the scene, see which chart square is most similar. For example, with the chart you can know which object is red and which is green, and that the background is supposed to be a warm wood color, not white or gray.

And if you click the White Balance tool in a gray square in the chart, Lightroom Classic will correct the photo to neutral color. Then you can copy those corrections to all other photos of the same scene.

…if there is any proven way to properly set colors in lightroom so that they look correct and natural…

By @Łukasz27948058ggwm

The first thing to try in the Develop module is Settings > Auto White Balance or its keyboard shortcut. That applies AI-powered color balancing, which works pretty well. For many images, it might be all you need to do to get natural color balance.

Back in the days before accurate color monitors, old prepress pros learned what color values certain objects should be. For example, they knew the proportions of CMYK values that various skin tones have. Some bragged that because of that knowledge they could color-correct on a black-and-white monitor (which early Macs had), as long as they could see a color value readout.

So that's one thing to try…understand the typical RGB values for what photographers call “memory colors” — the colors we associate with specific things. The obvious one would be anything that is supposed to be neutral gray should have equal proportions of red, green, and blue. Then learn the RGB value for things like trees and blue sky. Then, as you move the pointer around a photo, check the RGB (or Lab) values shown under the histogram in Lightroom Classic.

I can see your future as a great monchrome photographer!

My thoughts-

As in the Youtube link- Joel talks about 'Saturation'.

You could also use HSL 'Luminance' to judge 'brightness' of the color channels.

The Histogram in the Develop module shows RGB Color channel percentages for the tones under the cursor, which might be helpful.

For Monochrome images- choose a B&W profile, then use the B&W panel to change the 'luminance' -'tones' of each color to alter contrasts.

I do remember that Joel Grimes is colorblind. 

He talks about it here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHUR09U8lcM