Edited photo in Photoshop, imported to Lightroom to wrong collection?

First, editing a photo into Photoshop creates a fresh additional image version within the Catalog. So the image version you are editing in PS FROM (for example, the version directly based on a Raw) is still there unaffected: both still in its Folder view and also still in any Collections and Smart Collections where it previously appeared. 

Admittedly depending on settings, the starting image and the PS edited image migh get "stacked" so that only one is evident in the folder view - despite that, where there was one present before, there are now two.

 The appearance or non-appearance of this new PS-edited version in a given Smart Collection: this depends only on whether or not it meets the inclusion rules of that Smart Collection - as for any other image thumbnail within the Catalog.

It is different for standard (non-Smart) Collections. If you invoke your Edit in PS from the folder view, or from a Smart Collection, the new image version will not get membership in any standard Collections. If OTOH you invoke your Edit in PS from within a particular standard Collection, then the new image version will automatically get membership in this same Collection - but not in any other standard Collections. Regardless whether the starting image may also show in those.

Of course you can subsequently award this new image version whatever Collection memberships you like.

The idea of a Collection is not only to be selective on which photos to show, but also on which version of any given photo to show - and these versions may refer to different imported files (a Raw or a PSD/TIFF), or merely be different virtual copies thereof.