Solved: Disabling “Enable Generator” fixed the brush cursor flickering to the Windows arrow
I believe I have finally identified the cause of this issue, at least in my environment.
Solution
Go to:
Preferences > Plugins > uncheck “Enable Generator”
After disabling Generator, the cursor flickering completely stopped.
I was also able to reproduce the issue consistently:
Generator OFF → No flickering
Generator ON → Flickering occurs
Generator OFF again → Flickering disappears
The problem was especially noticeable when painting on or working with layers that had pixel layer masks enabled. The brush cursor would briefly change to the standard Windows arrow while painting.
How I found the cause
I had been experiencing this issue for a long time and tested many possible causes, including GPU acceleration, OpenCL, GPU compositing, cache levels, cache tile size, document resolution, number of layers, and various layer mask settings.
Some settings, particularly Cache Levels, seemed to affect how frequently the flickering occurred, but none of them were the root cause. The issue could also occur with GPU acceleration completely disabled.
Eventually, I replaced my current Photoshop settings folder with a backup from a time when the problem was not occurring. The flickering disappeared completely, even in a large working document.
I then compared the working and problematic preference files and narrowed the difference down to MachinePrefs.psp.
Replacing only the working MachinePrefs.psp with the problematic version immediately brought the flickering back.
Comparing the settings stored in the two files revealed this difference:
Working: generatorEnabled = OFF
Problematic: generatorEnabled = ON
I then tested this directly in Photoshop by changing only the Enable Generator option. Turning it ON caused the problem, and turning it OFF fixed it again.
I had actually enabled Generator recently because I needed to use Photoshop’s image asset generation feature, but I had completely forgotten about changing this setting.
So, if you are experiencing a similar issue where the brush cursor briefly flickers to the Windows arrow—especially when working with layer masks—I strongly recommend trying:
Preferences > Plugins > Disable “Enable Generator”
This may not be the cause of every cursor-flickering issue, but in my case the Generator setting was reproducibly responsible for it.