Find the original name of an image

Something else worth mentioning, adding the Preserved Filename metadata can also be performed via a Photoshop script, as an alternative to Bridge.

This may fit better into a particular workflow.

/*
Write filename to 'PreservedFileName' metadata field
https://www.ps-scripts.com/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=42079
by Kukurykus » Tue Aug 23, 2022 4: 52 pm
*/

!ExternalObject.AdobeXMPScript && ExternalObject.AdobeXMPScript = new ExternalObject('lib:AdobeXMPScript');
(meta = new XMPMeta((xmp = (aD = activeDocument).xmpMetadata).rawData)).setProperty('http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/mm/', 'PreservedFileName', aD.name), xmp.rawData = meta.serialize();

https://prepression.blogspot.com/2017/11/downloading-and-installing-adobe-scripts.html

@davidlarkin64 

It depends on how you create your derivative files. Export As and Export Save for Web (Legacy) can strip many metadata entries.

Using Save As/Save As a Copy includes all the metadata that a particular file format can hold.

I opened up a raw camera file and used Save As to JPEG.

Looking at the metadata in ExifTool, the original filename is included under:

-Photoshop:SlicesGroupName

However, this metadata is not visible in Adobe's File > File Info > Raw Data

ExifTool could copy this -Photoshop:SlicesGroupName to another metadata field such as the -XMP-xmpMM:PreservedFileName which would be more visible in Adobe apps. 

Other useful metadata could be the -XMP-xmpMM:DocumentID which is included in derivative files where data was copied/pasted or placed and will then be included as the infamous -XMP-photoshop:DocumentAncestors metadata.

If a file has simply been re-saved via a Save As then it will include the -XMP-xmpMM:OriginalDocumentID entry.

All of these methods can be used to find derivative files, however, as metadata can be removed from files, there is no foolproof method.

The Bridge metadata panel has a listing for "Preserved Filename":

You can do this by adding it as a keyword in the metadata.

Or you could write a little powershell script that batches an entire collection at once, so the solution isn't necessarily limited to photoshop/bridge.