It did this with Generative Fill and the simple prompt 'Continue the pattern'.
All three options were probably usable, but this was the best.
I initially tried it without a prompt and the results were not so good.
The shape of the selection made a big difference.

I have a strong feeling that we are in a 'Watch this space' situation right now, as Terry White has hinted that the full Nano Banana engine is coming to the Photoshop beta version in a week or so. If it works the same as Nano Banana we won't need to make a selection. Just describe what we need to happen and the Ai will do it.