When I load a video from my phone, Galaxy S24 FE it crashes as soon as I try to run it

Exactly what is INSIDE the video you are editing?
Report back with the codec details of your file, use the program below
Free program to get file information for PC/Mac http://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo/Download
- a MediaInfo tutorial https://youtu.be/Ivy9ckSX1M0
- when you analyze your file in MediaInfo and post a screen shot in the forum, do so in TREE view
- post your information IN your message, not as an attachment that someone would have to download

Also... Mac or Windows and operating system version... and version of PrElements?

You're most likely running into issues with the HEVC codec, as discussed in this thread.

https://community.adobe.com/t5/premiere-elements-discussions/video-codex-galaxy-23-ultra-reading/m-p/14237478#M48190

Try setting your phone to record standard 1920x1080 H.264 video and see if you get better results.