Differences between audio effects: mastering, compressor, equalizer, etc.

I'm learning how to edit the audio with my video. Of course, I want to do the basic things like balance music and voices, EQ, prevent volume spikes, normalize, etc. and I see that Premiere has many great audio effects to accomplish these things. I realize that there are tons of online tutorials about how use each of them, so my question is not really about "how" to use them. What I'm confused about is: it seems that there is quite a bit of overlap in function between the following audio effects:

• mastering
• multiband compressor
• treble
• bass
• equalizers (various bands)
• parametric equalizer

I know they're not all exactly the same, but it does seem to me that several of them do things that are also included in others. Unfortunately, I'm the kind of person who is paralyzed by this kind of thing! (Too much choice... I should get over it...) But not knowing what the differences are between them, or if some should/shouldn't be used in combination, is confusing. Or, is it all just a matter of personal preference?

I suppose I can just experiment. But if anyone with experience can just help me save time by explaining what the differences/intended use cases are for each, I would be grateful. Are their best practices for using them separately or combining?

Thanks!