MOST SUITABLE VERSION FOR THESE SPECS

Based on having worked on a wide range of workstastations, I'm going to have to say that there's no version of After Effects what will run well on that configuration.

You could try installing any version of After Effects that works with Windows 10; however, that configuraiton may not pass the Ssytem Compatiblity Report (Help > System Compatabiilty Report).

Assuming After Effects launches as expected, it might handle 640-by-480 well enough.  The default HDTV 1080 29.97 preset is going to be very, very slow.

Is there a way for you to upgrade to at least an i5 with 16GB of RAM?

See the reply by RjL190365 here:

https://community.adobe.com/t5/premiere-pro-discussions/most-scuitable-version-for-these-specs/td-p/13075003 

You have half of the recommended RAM, so don't expect to work on anything complex or higher rez than HD. 

I'm not really sure about the whole "older versions running faster" thing, but you should test out the versions yourself to see which one you like and which one works best. You can get CC 2022 & 2021 through the Creative Cloud desktop app. The rest you can download here https://prodesigntools.com/tag/download

(click the version you want under "direct download links" and find After Effects under there)