@kglad

The code:
$.ajax({
url: "scripts/get_patients.php"
}).then(function(data) {
console.log("**"+data+"**");
assignDataF(data);
})
function assignDataF(data) {
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
$('#patients_cbx').
append($("<option/>").attr("value", i).text(data[i].label));
}
}
Combobox patients_cbx is now showing 105 empty select options after I added Glenn Frey to the table...

@kglad
Needed to specify the data type in the AJAX...
This now works:
$.ajax({
url: "scripts/get_patients.php",
dataType: 'json'
}).then(function (data) {
assignDataF(data);
})
function assignDataF(data) {
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
$('#patients_cbx').
append($("<option/>").attr("value", i).text(data[i].label));
}
}