It seems Adobe dropped the ball on this. Not only did they remove the 'export workspace' option but they added and removed the sync option! What a mess.
Being able to easily sync workspaces is critical to effecient and productive workflows--especially with more people working with remote and cloud resources. When editing files, the workspaces provide all the tools needed to quickly create what is needed. Before being able to work with files and "Library" resources, the tools need to be setup and arranged or else the workflow is interrupted and time is lost.
Workaround: Each application is a bit different, here are a collection of methods & locations of settings I have found and use for workspace & settings import & export. Some folder names might vary with version updates (eg: 2018, 2018; 22, 23, etc...)
Most Windows settings are located in or around: "C:\Users\[user]\AppData\"
Most Mac settings are located in or around: "~/Library/Preferences/Adobe/"
Photoshop CC:
Workspaces & Settings location (Windows):(copy files to cloud drive or new computer)
C:\Users\[user]\AppData\Roaming\Adobe\Adobe Photoshop CC 2018\Adobe Photoshop CC 2018 Settings
Lightroom CC:
Not exactly sure, try the above locations and search for a settings file.)
InDesign CC:
How to export workspace settings (Windows & Mac):
Workspace Location (Windows):
C:\Users\[user]\AppData\Roaming\Adobe\InDesign\Version 13.0\en_US\Workspaces
Illustrator CC:
Workspaces Location (Windows):(copy files to cloud drive or new computer)
C:\Users\[user]\AppData\Roaming\Adobe\Adobe Illustrator 22 Settings\en_US\x64\Modified Workspaces
C:\Users\[user]\AppData\Roaming\Adobe\Adobe Illustrator 22 Settings\en_US\x64\Workspaces
Good Luck!