Are short tags enabled on your server and is the server running?
If short tags are not enabled (usually done manually in the php.ini file), the opening brackets of your includes will need to be changed from <? to <?php. The local server must also be running in order for the includes to be parsed.
When the local server is set up as you have it, the links inside include files should be set as site root document relative or absolute. Sometimes document relative links won't work correctly. Site root relative links will start with a leading / followed by your link information. You also might not need the school folder in your link either.
Make sure your server is running, and try this for the header include, see if either one makes a difference for you...
<?php
include_once("school/header.php")
?>
or
<?php
include_once("header.php")
?>
EDIT: Holy caffeine deficiency Batman! Post edited for glaring wrongness.
That won't work. PHP includes don't support site-root-relative links. They must be either absolute links or relative links.
I suspect that header.php and footer.php are both in the same folder. So the correct code would be this:
<?php include_once("header.php"); ?>
<?php include_once("footer.php"); ?>