It's a tough one and definitely one NOT for illustrator but Photoshop. Do you need the question to be moved to the relevant forum?
That said. I remember a plug-in I used a while ago that was called FFT (fast fourrier transform) that was used in conjunction with a specific brush to remove tiny patterms (Like paper patterns in old photos). It worked with various degrees of success and LOTS of elbow grease (definitely not a click and run type of filter - maybe a request for a neural filter is in order? 😁) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vb4XFNC4MvU But it's still for Photoshop. So if all fails, you'll have to blur it somehow (try @Brad @ Roaring Mouse 's method)
In the future, if it happens again, know that you can get rid of it at the shooting stage by setting a shallow depth of field and firmly setting the focus point on the sky. That means that on a mobile phone, you'll have to tell the phone to focus not on what it decides to, but where you want it to be (Generally by pressing on the screen where the angel is and keep pressed to lock it there. Check your phone help files to check if it's the right way, depending on the model) I know it doesn't help much, but it may help in the future!