My whole job revolves around squeezing 40+ languages into InDesign, so I'm likely to reply to any post that is at all related to non-English stuff.
Minion Pro has an acute accent, which is what you get with option-shift-e, but it looks to me like Minion does not have a combining accent, which is what you'd need. Your method did not work for me with Minion Pro, but it does work with Times New Roman. (Note that I'm not not not suggesting that you use TNR in your layout, I just picked it because it's a font that I know everybody has that also contains combining accents.) But if you use your method to type an acute accent on a font that actually has a combining accent, and then select that combined e-plus-combining-acute glyph and change it to Minion Pro, then in the glyphs menu it'll show up as a precomposed e-with-acute.
I handle a vast amount of Vietnamese text, so I run into this kind of issue all the time. You may want to look at this thread if you want to make your own special-character-input scripts, or maybe at this page of this book if you want to memorize all of the special-input key combos so you can specify e-with-acute and a-with-acute and whatever-with-cedilla directly, rather than trying to use combining accents. I think those instructions will work but I once again have to offer my at-work, no-Mac, I-didn't-test disclaimer.